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The crisis and the response
Sudan has world’s largest IDP population: at least 4.9 million.
Protracted displacement has accelerated urbanisation and created an assistance-dependent population with limited capacity for self-sufficiency.
More people are now being killed by violence in Southern Sudan than in Darfur.
Slow recovery in eastern Sudan: drought and new refugees from Eritrea and Somalia have increased humanitarian needs.
In 2009, donors provided more than US$1.65 billion for humanitarian assistance, twice that of second largest CAP.
Some donors restrict funding to Darfur and Southern Sudan, blaming monitoring and access constraints in the east.
In early 2010, the UN proposed a comprehensive mechanism to coordinate the protection of civilians in armed conflict settings.
Donor performance
New initiatives for better coordination have not led to notable successes.
The failure to improve protection is partly attributable to lack of advocacy by donors and UN officials who are afraid of being declared persona non grata.
In Southern Sudan, most donors fail to hold regional authorities accountable for aid disappearance and for not providing previously committed resources.
Most INGOs were dissatisfied with donor efforts to facilitate humanitarian access, especially after the expulsion of several humanitarian organisations from Darfur.
Key challenges and areas for improvement
Donors must identify qualified partners and staff to avoid a lack of response capacity.
Effective and consistent systems for information gathering and analysis of threats need to be established.
The international community must reach consensus on how to interact with the government of Sudan and strengthen efforts to facilitate humanitarian access.
The roles of peacekeepers and humanitarian actors need to be more clearly differentiated in order to strengthen protection coordination mechanisms.
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